TY - JOUR TI - Introducing the Spemann-Mangold organizer: experiments and insights that generated a key concept in developmental biology. AU - Sander, K AU - Faessler, P E T2 - The International Journal of Developmental Biology AB - The "organizer paper", published by Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold in 1924, initiated a new epoch in developmental biology. Also it marked the climax of Spemann's life-long research which began at the end of the nineteenth century. This introduction retraces some of the steps by which Spemann arrived at the organizer concept: The problem of amphibian lens induction including the so-called lens controversy, the early constriction experiments creating double headed malformations, and the homeo- and heteroplastic transplantations during gastrula stages of the newt. Furthermore this paper will--based on historical documents--repudiate some objections raised to the contribution of Spemann and Hilde Mangold to the discovery and interpretation of the organizer effect. PY - 2001 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 J2 - Int. J. Dev. Biol. LA - en SN - 0214-6282 SN - 1696-3547 UR - https://ijdb.ehu.eus/article/11291840 Y2 - 2024/04/30/06:07:52 ER -